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Mico (genus)
''Mico'' is a genus of New World monkeys of the family Callitrichidae, the family containing marmosets and tamarins. The genus was formerly considered a subgenus of the genus ''Callithrix''.
==Taxonomy==
''Mico'' differs from ''Callithrix'' in dental morphology, genetics and geographic distribution: ''Callithrix'' species are distributed in eastern Brazil (mainly the Atlantic Forest), while ''Mico'' species are distributed in the Amazon, though a single species, the black-tailed marmoset, also occurs in the Pantanal and Chaco.〔Rylands, Mittermeier, Coimbra-Filho, Heymann, de la Torre, Silva Jr., Kierulff, Noronha and Röhe (2008). ''Marmosets and Tamarins: Pocket Identification Guide.'' Conservation International. ISBN 978-1-934151-20-4〕 Roosmalens' dwarf marmoset (''Callibella humilis'') was formerly considered a ''Mico'' species, but now has its own genus, ''Callibella'', due mainly to differences in size and genetics.〔van Roosmalen, M G. M., and van Roosmalen, T. (2003). ''(The description of a new marmoset genus, Callibella (Callitrichinae, Primates), including its molecular phylogenetic status. )'' Neotropical Primates 11(1): 1–10.〕 Roosmalens' dwarf marmoset is significantly smaller than the ''Mico'' species, being about midway between the typical ''Mico'' species and the pygmy marmoset, ''Cebuella pygmaea''.〔 ''Mico'' species differ from the tamarins of the genus ''Saguinus'' in that ''Mico'' has enlarged incisor teeth the same size as the canine teeth which are used for gouging holes in trees to extract exudates.
Species level taxonomy within ''Mico'' has also changed significantly in recent decades. Earlier authorities usually treated all as subspecies of ''M. argentatus'' (including the bare-eared taxa) or ''M. humeralifera'' (including the hairy-eared taxa), or even suggested all were subspecies of ''M. argentatus''.〔Rylands, A. B. (editor). 1993. ''Marmosets and Tamarins: Systematics, Behaviour, and Ecology.'' Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-854022-1.〕〔Emmons, L. H. (1997). ''Neotropical Rainforest Animals.'' The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-20719-6〕〔Hershkovitz, P. (1977). ''Living New World monkeys (Platyrrhini).'' Vol. 1. The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-32788-4〕 Recent authorities have pointed out that several of the taxa are highly distinctive, and following the phylogenetic species concept all previous subspecies were proposed raised to species status in 2001.〔Groves, C. (2001). ''Primate Taxonomy.'' Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 1-56098-872-X〕 This has generally been followed since then.〔〔〔 Furthermore, 7 of the 14 currently recognized species were only described to science after 1990.〔
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